In June 2016 the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) was requested by the European Commission to evaluate whether the presence of certain substances in rubber granulate made from scrap tyres could lead to health risks that are not adequately controlled and require additional measures on EU level. Based on the current evidence available, ECHA concluded early 2017 that there is a very low level of concern from exposure to substances found in the granulate
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-018-0106-1”The risk assessment indicated that the oral and dermal routes are the main contributors to the exposure of amateur football players to substances in rubber granulate; the inhalation route appeared not to contribute. No concern was identified for their exposure to the prioritised phthalates, benzothiazoles, BPA and metals in rubber granulate from Dutch STP, not even under worst-case conditions, as the estimated exposures to these substances were below the exposures that would lead to adverse effects on health. The prioritised PAHs appeared to be the substances of the highest concern, but even for this group of substances the measured migration from the Dutch field samples resulted in estimated additional cancer risks that were just above the negligible risk level of one in a million.”
“From a risk assessment perspective, it can be concluded that exposure to these CMR substances presents no appreciable health risk, given the concentrations in which they occurred in or migrated from the rubber granulate currently in place on a representative number of STP in the Netherlands. PAHs appeared to be the substances of the highest concern, but even for this group of substances, the concentrations in which they are present do not result in additional cancer risks above the negligible risk level of one in a million. This is supported by the recent investigation by ECHA, in which it was concluded that the concern for lifetime cancer risk is very low given the concentrations of PAHs typically measured in European STP with rubber infill.”